Proportional resonant control design for voltage regulation of photovoltaic modules, enhancing the classical Perturb and Observe (P&O) method.

Abstract

As the world increasingly turns to renewable energy to combat climate change and reduce dependence on fossil fuels, photovoltaic (PV) systems have become a cornerstone of sustainable energy solutions. Their performance, however, relies heavily on control strategies that maximize energy extraction and ensure stability under varying environmental conditions. One of the most commonly used techniques for maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is the Perturb and Observe (P&O) algorithm. While simple and widely adopted, the P&O method suffers from drawbacks such as power oscillations, slow dynamic response, and poor performance under rapidly changing irradiance. This thesis aims to overcome these limitations by enhancing the classical P&O algorithm with a Proportional Resonant (PR) controller, known for its accuracy and selective frequency amplification. By integrating the PR controller into the voltage regulation loop, the proposed method improves dynamic response, reduces steady-state oscillations, and ensures more stable and efficient power delivery. The work is structured into three chapters: the first focuses on modeling PV modules; the second analyzes the classical P&O method in both direct and indirect control configurations; and the third presents the implementation of the improved P&O + PR control strategy. Simulation results confirm that the proposed approach significantly outperforms the traditional P&O algorithm, making it a promising solution for real-world PV applications.